Bolla 2025. Large-scale, 1,000-patient in vivo clinical study measuring ATP levels before, during, and after irrigant activation.
Bolla 2025. In vivo trial demonstrating that EndoActivator-treated canals showed six-fold lower ATP levels at obturation.
Bolla 2025. In vitro investigation with the Endocator confirming EndoActivator efficacy on extracted teeth.
Singh 2024. Editorial in Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics highlighting the Endocator as a paradigm shift in endodontics.
Gambarini 2024. Evaluation study validating the Endocator as a quantitative tool for assessing root canal cleanliness.
Bolla 2025 (forthcoming). Study correlating Endoscore ATP levels with bacterial endotoxin (BMP) concentrations.
Endocator Studies
Root canals with bacteria fail more
Failure rate of root canals that culture positive to bacteria have a five times higher failure rate (32% failed) than teeth that cultured negative to bacteria (6% failed).
Failure rate of root canals that require retreatment is three times higher (56% failed) for teeth that culture positive to bacteria compared to teeth that culture negative to bacteria (20% failed).
Success of ATP and other chairside tests
An in vivo JOE article in 2015 showed that ATP testing is an effective way of determining when a tooth will culture negative.
Chairside test showed that teeth that had high levels of bacterial markers had a 4.5 times higher failure rate (80% failed) then teeth that had a low level of bacterial markers (10% failed)
One visit endo and root fractures
One Visit Endo- Endocator can be used to determine when a tooth is clean. Studies have shown that the success rates of one visit root canals are the same as two visit root canals and that the number of bacteria present at the time of obturation is a much more accurate way to predict success
Conservative Endodontics- Making a root canal too big can lead to root fractures. An estimated 17% of failed root canals are found to have root fractures. With Endocator you can be confident that the tooth is clean without having to make excessively large preparations.